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What Should Be in a Home Emergency Kit for Natural Disasters?

Last updated October 23, 2026

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The short answer

Water and Food Supplies

Store at least one gallon of water per person per day for a minimum of three days. This accounts for both drinking and sanitation needs, and you may need more in arid conditions or for larger families. Non-perishable food items should also last for at least three days per person. Choose foods that require no cooking or refrigeration, such as canned goods, protein bars, and dried fruit. Consider adding a manual can opener and some disposable utensils to your kit for convenience.

First Aid and Safety Items

A comprehensive first aid kit is essential for treating minor injuries when professional medical help is not immediately available. It should include bandages, antiseptic wipes, and over-the-counter pain relievers. Also include safety items like a multi-tool, a whistle to signal for help, and dust masks. Duct tape and heavy-duty plastic sheeting can be useful for creating a temporary shelter or sealing off a drafty room after a storm.

  • Adhesive bandages in various sizes
  • Antiseptic wipes and basic wound ointment
  • Over-the-counter pain and fever reducers
  • Sterile gauze pads and adhesive tape
  • A pair of scissors and tweezers
  • A digital thermometer

Lighting, Communication, and Power

Reliable lighting is crucial if the power fails, which is common during many natural disasters. Pack several flashlights with extra batteries, or opt for hand-crank or solar-powered models. A battery-powered or hand-crank NOAA weather radio keeps you informed of official alerts and updates. Include backup power banks to charge cell phones, which are vital for communication and accessing emergency information. Consider adding extra batteries in a sealed bag to protect them from moisture, and pack a set of spare batteries for any critical medical devices your family uses.

Personal Documents and Sanitation

Keep copies of critical documents in a waterproof container or bag. These include identification, insurance policies, and bank account records. For sanitation, your kit needs moist towelettes, garbage bags, and plastic ties for managing personal waste. Include personal hygiene items like soap and toothpaste to maintain health during a disruption. A small supply of cash in small denominations can also be helpful if electronic payment systems are down.

Special Considerations for Your Home

Consider hazards specific to your area and home to make your kit more effective. In a hot, dry climate, extra water is absolutely critical. If you live in a region prone to flooding, keep your home's main water shutoff valve location written down. Your kit should also contain basic tools to turn off utilities, like a wrench for the gas and water lines, to prevent further damage or fire risk after a disaster strikes.

  • A wrench to shut off natural gas and water
  • A basic fire extinguisher for home use
  • Sturdy work gloves and protective goggles
  • Local maps marked with evacuation routes
  • Sleeping bags or warm blankets for each person
  • A change of clothes and sturdy shoes

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Frequently asked questions

How often should I check and refresh my emergency kit?

Review your kit at least once a year. Check expiration dates on food, water, and any medical supplies, and replace anything outdated. Update clothing for growing children and refresh batteries. This annual check ensures your supplies are ready and functional when you need them most.

Where is the best place to store an emergency kit?

Store your kit in a cool, dry place that is easily accessible during a crisis. A closet near an exit or a garage shelf are good options. Make sure every adult in your household knows its exact location to grab it quickly if you need to evacuate.

What if my home gets water damage during a disaster?

After ensuring safety, contact local water damage pros for help with flooding or leaks. They can assess the damage and begin necessary drying procedures. Keep important documents from your kit safe and dry. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered, so check your policy.

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